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RIP Interview Questions and Answers

What is RIP?
RIP is a Distance-Vector Routing protocol. It is a classful routing protocol (classful routing protocols do not send subnet mask information with their routing updates). It does not support VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking). RIP uses hop count as its metric to determine the best path to a remote network and it supports maximum hop count of 15. Any router farther than 15 hops away is considered as unreachable. It sends its complete routing table out of all active interfaces every 30 seconds.

What are the four timers in RIP?
Route update timer (30 seconds) - It is the time interval between periodic routing updates in which the router sends a complete copy of its routing table out to all neighbors.
Route invalid timer (180 seconds) - It is the time interval before a router determines that a route has become invalid. A route will become invalid if it hasn’t heard any updates about a particular route for that period.
Hold down timer (180 seconds) - It is the amount of time during which routing information is suppressed. Routes will enter into the holddown state when an update packet is received that indicated the route is unreachable. This continues either until an update packet is received with a better metric or until the holddown timer expires.
Route flush timer (240 seconds) - It is the time between a route becoming invalid and its removal from the routing table. Before it's removed from the table, the router notifies its neighbors of that invalid route. The value of the route invalid timer must be less than that of the route flush timer.

What is the difference between RIPV1 & RIPV2?

RIPV1 RIPV2
RIPV1 is a classful protocol.RIPV2 is a classless protocol.
RIPV1 use broadcasts for updates.RIPv2 uses multicasts for updates.
RIPV1 broadcasts updates every 30 seconds.RIPv2 supports triggered updates (when a change occurs).
RIPV1 does not support variable VLSM.RIPV2 supports VLSM.
RIPV1 does not supports authentication.RIPV2 supports authentication.

Explain Load-Balancing in RIP?
RIP can perform load balancing over upto six equal-cost paths.

Explain Split Horizon?
The Split Horizon feature prevents a route learned on one interface from being advertised back out of that same interface.

What is route poisoning?
With route poisoning, when a distance vector routing protocol notices that a route is no longer valid, the route is advertised with an infinite metric, signifying that the route is bad. In RIP, a metric of 16 is used to signify infinity.

How do you stop RIP updates from propagating out an interface on a router?
Sometimes we dont want RIP updates to propagate across the network, wasting valuable bandwidth. For this purpose, we can use passive-interface command to stop RIP updates from propagating out an interface.

Which port number and protocol RIP use?
RIP uses UDP (user datagram protocol) port number 520.

What is the administrative distance of RIP?
RIP has an administrative distance of 120.

What is the multicast address of RIP?
224.0.0.9

How do we configure RIP?
Router(config)# router rip
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0
Router(config-router)# version 2 
(to convert it into RIPV2)

What is the difference between RIPng and RIP?
RIPng is for IPv6 and RIP is for IPv4

 

 

 

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